G4HESigmaMinusInelastic.cc

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// $Id$

// G4 Process: Gheisha High Energy Collision model.
// This includes the high energy cascading model, the two-body-resonance model
// and the low energy two-body model. Not included are the low energy stuff 
// like nuclear reactions, nuclear fission without any cascading and all
// processes for particles at rest.  
// First work done by J.L.Chuma and F.W.Jones, TRIUMF, June 96.  
// H. Fesefeldt, RWTH-Aachen, 23-October-1996
 
#include "G4HESigmaMinusInelastic.hh"
#include "globals.hh"
#include "G4ios.hh"
#include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
#include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"

G4HESigmaMinusInelastic::G4HESigmaMinusInelastic(const G4String& name)
 : G4HEInelastic(name)
{
  vecLength = 0;
  theMinEnergy = 20*GeV;
  theMaxEnergy = 10*TeV;
  MAXPART      = 2048;
  verboseLevel = 0;
  G4cout << "WARNING: model G4HESigmaMinusInelastic is being deprecated and will\n"
         << "disappear in Geant4 version 10.0"  << G4endl;  
} 


void G4HESigmaMinusInelastic::ModelDescription(std::ostream& outFile) const
{
  outFile << "G4HESigmaMinusInelastic is one of the High Energy Parameterized\n"
          << "(HEP) models used to implement inelastic Sigma- scattering\n"
          << "from nuclei.  It is a re-engineered version of the GHEISHA\n"
          << "code of H. Fesefeldt.  It divides the initial collision\n"
          << "products into backward- and forward-going clusters which are\n"
          << "then decayed into final state hadrons.  The model does not\n"
          << "conserve energy on an event-by-event basis.  It may be\n"
          << "applied to sigmas with initial energies above 20 GeV.\n";
}


G4HadFinalState*
G4HESigmaMinusInelastic::ApplyYourself(const G4HadProjectile& aTrack,
                                       G4Nucleus& targetNucleus)
{
  G4HEVector* pv = new G4HEVector[MAXPART];
  const G4HadProjectile* aParticle = &aTrack;
  const G4double A = targetNucleus.GetA_asInt();
  const G4double Z = targetNucleus.GetZ_asInt();
  G4HEVector incidentParticle(aParticle);
     
  G4double atomicNumber = Z;
  G4double atomicWeight = A;

  G4int incidentCode = incidentParticle.getCode();
  G4double incidentMass = incidentParticle.getMass();
  G4double incidentTotalEnergy = incidentParticle.getEnergy();

  // G4double incidentTotalMomentum = incidentParticle.getTotalMomentum();
  // DHW 19 May 2011: variable set but not used

  G4double incidentKineticEnergy = incidentTotalEnergy - incidentMass;

  if (incidentKineticEnergy < 1.)
    G4cout << "GHESigmaMinusInelastic: incident energy < 1 GeV" << G4endl;

  if (verboseLevel > 1) {
    G4cout << "G4HESigmaMinusInelastic::ApplyYourself" << G4endl;
    G4cout << "incident particle " << incidentParticle.getName()
           << "mass "              << incidentMass
           << "kinetic energy "    << incidentKineticEnergy
           << G4endl;
    G4cout << "target material with (A,Z) = (" 
           << atomicWeight << "," << atomicNumber << ")" << G4endl;
  }

  G4double inelasticity = NuclearInelasticity(incidentKineticEnergy, 
                                              atomicWeight, atomicNumber);
  if (verboseLevel > 1)
    G4cout << "nuclear inelasticity = " << inelasticity << G4endl;

  incidentKineticEnergy -= inelasticity;
    
  G4double excitationEnergyGNP = 0.;
  G4double excitationEnergyDTA = 0.; 

  G4double excitation = NuclearExcitation(incidentKineticEnergy,
                                          atomicWeight, atomicNumber,
                                          excitationEnergyGNP,
                                          excitationEnergyDTA);
  if (verboseLevel > 1)
    G4cout << "nuclear excitation = " << excitation << excitationEnergyGNP 
           << excitationEnergyDTA << G4endl;

  incidentKineticEnergy -= excitation;
  incidentTotalEnergy = incidentKineticEnergy + incidentMass;
  // incidentTotalMomentum = std::sqrt( (incidentTotalEnergy-incidentMass)
  //                                   *(incidentTotalEnergy+incidentMass));
  // DHW 19 May 2011: variable set but not used

  G4HEVector targetParticle;
  if (G4UniformRand() < atomicNumber/atomicWeight) { 
    targetParticle.setDefinition("Proton");
  } else { 
    targetParticle.setDefinition("Neutron");
  }

  G4double targetMass = targetParticle.getMass();
  G4double centerOfMassEnergy = std::sqrt(incidentMass*incidentMass
                                        + targetMass*targetMass
                                        + 2.0*targetMass*incidentTotalEnergy);
  G4double availableEnergy = centerOfMassEnergy - targetMass - incidentMass;

  G4bool inElastic = true;
  vecLength = 0;
        
  if (verboseLevel > 1)
    G4cout << "ApplyYourself: CallFirstIntInCascade for particle "
           << incidentCode << G4endl;

  G4bool successful = false; 
    
  FirstIntInCasSigmaMinus(inElastic, availableEnergy, pv, vecLength,
                          incidentParticle, targetParticle, atomicWeight);

  if (verboseLevel > 1)
    G4cout << "ApplyYourself::StrangeParticlePairProduction" << G4endl;

  if ((vecLength > 0) && (availableEnergy > 1.)) 
    StrangeParticlePairProduction(availableEnergy, centerOfMassEnergy,
                                  pv, vecLength,
                                  incidentParticle, targetParticle);

  HighEnergyCascading(successful, pv, vecLength,
                      excitationEnergyGNP, excitationEnergyDTA,
                      incidentParticle, targetParticle,
                      atomicWeight, atomicNumber);
  if (!successful)
    HighEnergyClusterProduction(successful, pv, vecLength,
                                excitationEnergyGNP, excitationEnergyDTA,
                                incidentParticle, targetParticle,
                                atomicWeight, atomicNumber);
  if (!successful) 
    MediumEnergyCascading(successful, pv, vecLength, 
                          excitationEnergyGNP, excitationEnergyDTA, 
                          incidentParticle, targetParticle,
                          atomicWeight, atomicNumber);

  if (!successful)
    MediumEnergyClusterProduction(successful, pv, vecLength,
                                  excitationEnergyGNP, excitationEnergyDTA,       
                                  incidentParticle, targetParticle,
                                  atomicWeight, atomicNumber);
  if (!successful)
    QuasiElasticScattering(successful, pv, vecLength,
                           excitationEnergyGNP, excitationEnergyDTA,
                           incidentParticle, targetParticle, 
                           atomicWeight, atomicNumber);
  if (!successful)
    ElasticScattering(successful, pv, vecLength,
                      incidentParticle,    
                      atomicWeight, atomicNumber);

  if (!successful)
    G4cout << "GHEInelasticInteraction::ApplyYourself fails to produce final state particles" 
           << G4endl;

  FillParticleChange(pv, vecLength);
  delete [] pv;
  theParticleChange.SetStatusChange(stopAndKill);
  return &theParticleChange;
}


void
G4HESigmaMinusInelastic::FirstIntInCasSigmaMinus(G4bool& inElastic,
                                                 const G4double availableEnergy,
                                                 G4HEVector pv[],
                                                 G4int& vecLen,
                                                 const G4HEVector& incidentParticle,
                                                 const G4HEVector& targetParticle,
                                                 const G4double atomicWeight)

// Sigma- undergoes interaction with nucleon within a nucleus.  Check if it is
// energetically possible to produce pions/kaons.  In not, assume nuclear excitation
// occurs and input particle is degraded in energy. No other particles are produced.
// If reaction is possible, find the correct number of pions/protons/neutrons
// produced using an interpolation to multiplicity data.  Replace some pions or
// protons/neutrons by kaons or strange baryons according to the average
// multiplicity per inelastic reaction.
{
  static const G4double expxu = 82.;     // upper bound for arg. of exp
  static const G4double expxl = -expxu;  // lower bound for arg. of exp

  static const G4double protb = 0.7;
  static const G4double neutb = 0.7;              
  static const G4double c = 1.25;

  static const G4int numMul = 1200;
  static const G4int numSec = 60;

  G4int neutronCode = Neutron.getCode();
  G4int protonCode = Proton.getCode();

  G4int targetCode = targetParticle.getCode();
  G4double incidentTotalMomentum = incidentParticle.getTotalMomentum();

  static G4bool first = true;
  static G4double protmul[numMul], protnorm[numSec];  // proton constants
  static G4double neutmul[numMul], neutnorm[numSec];  // neutron constants

  //  misc. local variables
  //  npos = number of pi+,  nneg = number of pi-,  nzero = number of pi0

  G4int i, counter, nt, npos, nneg, nzero;

  if (first) {  // computation of normalization constants will only be done once
    first = false;
    for( i=0; i<numMul; i++ )protmul[i]  = 0.0;
    for( i=0; i<numSec; i++ )protnorm[i] = 0.0;
    counter = -1;
    for (npos = 0; npos < (numSec/3); npos++) {
      for (nneg = std::max(0,npos-1); nneg <= (npos+1); nneg++) {
        for (nzero = 0; nzero < numSec/3; nzero++) {
          if (++counter < numMul) {
            nt = npos+nneg+nzero;
            if ((nt > 0) && (nt<=numSec) ) {
              protmul[counter] = pmltpc(npos,nneg,nzero,nt,protb,c);
              protnorm[nt-1] += protmul[counter];
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < numMul; i++) neutmul[i]  = 0.0;
    for (i = 0; i < numSec; i++) neutnorm[i] = 0.0;
    counter = -1;
    for (npos = 0; npos < numSec/3; npos++) {
      for (nneg = npos; nneg <= (npos+2); nneg++) {
        for (nzero = 0; nzero < numSec/3; nzero++) {
          if (++counter < numMul) {
            nt = npos+nneg+nzero;
            if ((nt>0) && (nt<=numSec) ) {
              neutmul[counter] = pmltpc(npos,nneg,nzero,nt,neutb,c);
              neutnorm[nt-1] += neutmul[counter];
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < numSec; i++) {
      if (protnorm[i] > 0.0 )protnorm[i] = 1.0/protnorm[i];
      if (neutnorm[i] > 0.0 )neutnorm[i] = 1.0/neutnorm[i];
    }
  }  // end of initialization

  pv[0] = incidentParticle; // initialize the first two places
  pv[1] = targetParticle;   // the same as beam and target
  vecLen = 2;

  if (!inElastic) {  // quasi-elastic scattering, no pions produced
    G4double cech[] = {0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, 0.30, 0.25, 0.06, 0.04, 0.005, 0.};
    G4int iplab = G4int( std::min( 9.0, incidentTotalMomentum*2.5 ) );
    if (G4UniformRand() < cech[iplab]/std::pow(atomicWeight,0.42) ) {
      G4double ran = G4UniformRand();
      if (targetCode == neutronCode) {
        pv[0] = Neutron;
        pv[1] = SigmaMinus;
      } else { 
        if (ran < 0.2) {
          pv[0] = SigmaZero;
          pv[1] = Neutron;  
        } else if (ran < 0.4) {
          pv[0] = Lambda;
          pv[1] = Neutron;
        } else if (ran < 0.6) {
          pv[0] = Proton;
          pv[1] = SigmaMinus;
        } else if (ran < 0.8) {
          pv[0] = Neutron;
          pv[1] = SigmaZero;
        } else {
          pv[0] = Neutron;
          pv[1] = Lambda;
        }  
      }
    }
    return;

  } else if (availableEnergy <= PionPlus.getMass()) return;

  //   inelastic scattering
  npos = 0, nneg = 0, nzero = 0;

  // number of total particles vs. centre of mass Energy - 2*proton mass 
  G4double aleab = std::log(availableEnergy);
  G4double n = 3.62567+aleab*(0.665843+aleab*(0.336514
                    + aleab*(0.117712+0.0136912*aleab))) - 2.0;
   
  // normalization constant for kno-distribution.
  // calculate first the sum of all constants, check for numerical problems.
  G4double test, dum, anpn = 0.0;

  for (nt = 1; nt <= numSec; nt++) {
    test = std::exp(std::min(expxu, std::max(expxl, -(pi/4.0)*(nt*nt)/(n*n) ) ) );
    dum = pi*nt/(2.0*n*n);
    if (std::fabs(dum) < 1.0) {
      if (test >= 1.0e-10) anpn += dum*test;
    } else { 
      anpn += dum*test;
    }
  }
   
  G4double ran = G4UniformRand();
  G4double excs = 0.0;
  if (targetCode == protonCode) {
    counter = -1;
    for (npos=0; npos<numSec/3; npos++) {
         for (nneg=std::max(0,npos-1); nneg<=(npos+1); nneg++) {
           for (nzero=0; nzero<numSec/3; nzero++) {
             if (++counter < numMul) {
               nt = npos+nneg+nzero;
               if ( (nt>0) && (nt<=numSec) ) {
                 test = std::exp( std::min( expxu, std::max( expxl, -(pi/4.0)*(nt*nt)/(n*n) ) ) );
                 dum = (pi/anpn)*nt*protmul[counter]*protnorm[nt-1]/(2.0*n*n);
                 if (std::fabs(dum) < 1.0) { 
                   if( test >= 1.0e-10 )excs += dum*test;
                 } else { 
                   excs += dum*test;
         }
                 if (ran < excs) goto outOfLoop;    //----------------------->
           }
         }
       }
     }
    }
       
    // 3 previous loops continued to the end
    inElastic = false;                 // quasi-elastic scattering   
    return;

  } else {  // target must be a neutron
       counter = -1;
       for (npos=0; npos<numSec/3; npos++) {
         for (nneg=npos; nneg<=(npos+2); nneg++) {
           for (nzero=0; nzero<numSec/3; nzero++) {
             if (++counter < numMul) {
               nt = npos+nneg+nzero;
               if ( (nt>=1) && (nt<=numSec) ) {
                 test = std::exp( std::min( expxu, std::max( expxl, -(pi/4.0)*(nt*nt)/(n*n) ) ) );
                 dum = (pi/anpn)*nt*neutmul[counter]*neutnorm[nt-1]/(2.0*n*n);
                 if (std::fabs(dum) < 1.0) { 
                   if( test >= 1.0e-10 )excs += dum*test;
                 } else { 
                   excs += dum*test;
             }
                 if (ran < excs) goto outOfLoop;       // -------------------->
           }
         }
       }
     }
       }
    // 3 previous loops continued to the end

    inElastic = false;   // quasi-elastic scattering.
    return;
  }
 
  outOfLoop:           //  <-------------------------------------------   
    
  ran = G4UniformRand();
  if (targetCode == neutronCode) {
       if( npos == nneg)
         { 
         }
       else if (npos == (nneg-1))
         {
           if( ran < 0.25)
             {
               pv[0] = SigmaZero;
             }
           else if (ran < 0.5)
             {
               pv[0] = Lambda;
             }
           else
             {
               pv[1] = Proton;
             } 
         }
       else
         {
           if(ran < 0.5)
             {
               pv[0] = SigmaZero;
               pv[1] = Proton;
             }
           else
             {
               pv[0] = Lambda;
               pv[1] = Proton;
             }
         }   
  } else {
       if (npos == nneg)
         {
           if (ran < 0.5) 
             {
             }
           else if (ran < 0.75)  
             {
               pv[0] = SigmaZero;
               pv[1] = Neutron;
             }
           else
             {
               pv[0] = Lambda;
               pv[1] = Neutron;
             }  
         }  
       else if (npos == (nneg+1))
         {  
           pv[1] = Neutron;
         } 
       else 
         {
           if (ran < 0.5)
             {
               pv[0] = SigmaZero;
             }
           else
             {
               pv[0] = Lambda;
             }   
         }
  }      

  nt = npos + nneg + nzero;
  while (nt > 0) {
    G4double rnd = G4UniformRand();
    if (rnd < (G4double)npos/nt) { 
      if (npos > 0) {
        pv[vecLen++] = PionPlus;
        npos--;
      }
    } else if (rnd < (G4double)(npos+nneg)/nt) {   
      if (nneg > 0) { 
        pv[vecLen++] = PionMinus;
        nneg--;
      }
    } else {
      if (nzero > 0) { 
        pv[vecLen++] = PionZero;
        nzero--;
      }
    }
    nt = npos + nneg + nzero;
  }
 
  if (verboseLevel > 1) {
    G4cout << "Particles produced: " ;
    G4cout << pv[0].getCode() << " " ;
    G4cout << pv[1].getCode() << " " ;
    for (i = 2; i < vecLen; i++) G4cout << pv[i].getCode() << " " ;
    G4cout << G4endl;
  }

  return;
}