G4EmCalculator.cc

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//
// $Id: G4EmCalculator.cc 97616 2016-06-06 12:37:57Z gcosmo $
//
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// GEANT4 Class file
//
//
// File name:     G4EmCalculator
//
// Author:        Vladimir Ivanchenko
//
// Creation date: 28.06.2004
//
// Modifications:
// 12.09.2004 Add verbosity (V.Ivanchenko)
// 17.11.2004 Change signature of methods, add new methods (V.Ivanchenko)
// 08.04.2005 Major optimisation of internal interfaces (V.Ivantchenko)
// 08.05.2005 Use updated interfaces (V.Ivantchenko)
// 23.10.2005 Fix computations for ions (V.Ivantchenko)
// 11.01.2006 Add GetCSDARange (V.Ivantchenko)
// 26.01.2006 Rename GetRange -> GetRangeFromRestricteDEDX (V.Ivanchenko)
// 14.03.2006 correction in GetCrossSectionPerVolume (mma)
//            suppress GetCrossSectionPerAtom
//            elm->GetA() in ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom
// 22.03.2006 Add ComputeElectronicDEDX and ComputeTotalDEDX (V.Ivanchenko)
// 13.05.2006 Add Corrections for ion stopping (V.Ivanchenko)
// 29.09.2006 Uncomment computation of smoothing factor (V.Ivanchenko)
// 27.10.2006 Change test energy to access lowEnergy model from 
//            10 keV to 1 keV (V. Ivanchenko)
// 15.03.2007 Add ComputeEnergyCutFromRangeCut methods (V.Ivanchenko)
// 21.04.2008 Updated computations for ions (V.Ivanchenko)
//
// Class Description:
//
// -------------------------------------------------------------------
//
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

#include "G4EmCalculator.hh"
#include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
#include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
#include "G4EmParameters.hh"
#include "G4NistManager.hh"
#include "G4VEmProcess.hh"
#include "G4VEnergyLossProcess.hh"
#include "G4VMultipleScattering.hh"
#include "G4Material.hh"
#include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh"
#include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh"
#include "G4ParticleTable.hh"
#include "G4IonTable.hh"
#include "G4PhysicsTable.hh"
#include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh"
#include "G4ProcessManager.hh"
#include "G4ionEffectiveCharge.hh"
#include "G4RegionStore.hh"
#include "G4Element.hh"
#include "G4EmCorrections.hh"
#include "G4GenericIon.hh"
#include "G4ProcessVector.hh"
#include "G4Gamma.hh"
#include "G4Electron.hh"
#include "G4Positron.hh"

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4EmCalculator::G4EmCalculator()
{
  manager = G4LossTableManager::Instance();
  nist    = G4NistManager::Instance();
  theParameters = G4EmParameters::Instance();
  corr    = manager->EmCorrections();
  nLocalMaterials    = 0;
  verbose            = 0;
  currentCoupleIndex = 0;
  currentCouple      = nullptr;
  currentMaterial    = cutMaterial = nullptr;
  currentParticle    = nullptr;
  lambdaParticle     = nullptr;
  baseParticle       = nullptr;
  currentLambda      = nullptr;
  currentModel       = nullptr;
  currentProcess     = nullptr;
  loweModel          = nullptr;
  chargeSquare       = 1.0;
  massRatio          = 1.0;
  mass               = 0.0;
  currentCut         = 0.0;
  cutenergy[0] = cutenergy[1] = cutenergy[2] = DBL_MAX;
  currentParticleName= "";
  currentMaterialName= "";
  currentName        = "";
  lambdaName         = "";
  theGenericIon      = G4GenericIon::GenericIon();
  ionEffCharge       = new G4ionEffectiveCharge();
  ionTable           = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetIonTable();
  isIon              = false;
  isApplicable       = false;
}

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G4EmCalculator::~G4EmCalculator()
{
  delete ionEffCharge;
  for (G4int i=0; i<nLocalMaterials; ++i) {
    delete localCouples[i];
  }
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetDEDX(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                 const G4Material* mat, 
                                 const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat, region);
  if(couple && UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy) ) {
    res = manager->GetDEDX(p, kinEnergy, couple);
    
    if(isIon) {
      if(FindEmModel(p, currentProcessName, kinEnergy)) {
        G4double length = CLHEP::nm;
        G4double eloss = res*length;
        //G4cout << "### GetDEDX: E= " << kinEnergy << " dedx0= " << res 
        //       << " de= " << eloss << G4endl;; 
        G4double niel  = 0.0;
        dynParticle.SetKineticEnergy(kinEnergy);
        currentModel->GetChargeSquareRatio(p, mat, kinEnergy);
        currentModel->CorrectionsAlongStep(couple,&dynParticle,eloss,niel,length);
        res = eloss/length; 
             //G4cout << " de1= " << eloss << " res1= " << res 
        //       << " " << p->GetParticleName() <<G4endl;;
      }
    } 
    
    if(verbose>0) {
      G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::GetDEDX: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= " << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
             << " isIon= " << isIon
             << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

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G4double G4EmCalculator::GetRangeFromRestricteDEDX(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                                   const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                                   const G4Material* mat,
                                                   const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat,region);
  if(couple && UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    res = manager->GetRangeFromRestricteDEDX(p, kinEnergy, couple);
    if(verbose>1) {
      G4cout << " G4EmCalculator::GetRangeFromRestrictedDEDX: E(MeV)= " 
         << kinEnergy/MeV
             << " range(mm)= " << res/mm
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
             << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetCSDARange(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                      const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                      const G4Material* mat, 
                                      const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(!theParameters->BuildCSDARange()) {
    G4ExceptionDescription ed;
    ed << "G4EmCalculator::GetCSDARange: CSDA table is not built; " 
       << " use UI command: /process/eLoss/CSDARange true";
    G4Exception("G4EmCalculator::GetCSDARange", "em0077",
                JustWarning, ed);
    return res;
  }

  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat,region);
  if(couple && UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    res = manager->GetCSDARange(p, kinEnergy, couple);
    if(verbose>1) {
      G4cout << " G4EmCalculator::GetCSDARange: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
             << " range(mm)= " << res/mm
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
             << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetRange(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                  const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                  const G4Material* mat, 
                                  const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(theParameters->BuildCSDARange()) {
    res = GetCSDARange(kinEnergy, p, mat, region);
  } else {
    res = GetRangeFromRestricteDEDX(kinEnergy, p, mat, region);
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetKinEnergy(G4double range, 
                                      const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                      const G4Material* mat,
                                      const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat,region);
  if(couple && UpdateParticle(p, 1.0*GeV)) {
    res = manager->GetEnergy(p, range, couple);
    if(verbose>0) {
      G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::GetKinEnergy: Range(mm)= " << range/mm
             << " KinE(MeV)= " << res/MeV
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
             << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetCrossSectionPerVolume(G4double kinEnergy,
                                            const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                            const G4String& processName,
                                            const G4Material* mat,
                                            const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat,region);

  if(couple && UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    G4int idx = couple->GetIndex();
    FindLambdaTable(p, processName, kinEnergy);

    if(currentLambda) {
      G4double e = kinEnergy*massRatio;
      res = (((*currentLambda)[idx])->Value(e))*chargeSquare;
    } else {
      res = ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, p, processName, mat, 
                                         kinEnergy);
    }
    if(verbose>0) {
      G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::GetXSPerVolume: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
             << " cross(cm-1)= " << res*cm
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  mat->GetName();
      if(verbose>1) 
        G4cout << "  idx= " << idx << "  Escaled((MeV)= " 
               << kinEnergy*massRatio 
               << "  q2= " << chargeSquare; 
      G4cout << G4endl;
    } 
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetShellIonisationCrossSectionPerAtom(
                                         const G4String& particle, 
                                         G4int Z, 
                                         G4AtomicShellEnumerator shell,
                                         G4double kinEnergy)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4ParticleDefinition* p = FindParticle(particle);
  G4VAtomDeexcitation* ad = manager->AtomDeexcitation();
  if(p && ad) { 
    res = ad->GetShellIonisationCrossSectionPerAtom(p, Z, shell, kinEnergy); 
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::GetMeanFreePath(G4double kinEnergy,
                                         const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                         const G4String& processName,
                                         const G4Material* mat,
                                         const G4Region* region)
{
  G4double res = DBL_MAX;
  G4double x = GetCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy,p, processName, mat,region);
  if(x > 0.0) { res = 1.0/x; }
  if(verbose>1) {
    G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::GetMeanFreePath: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
           << " MFP(mm)= " << res/mm
           << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
           << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
           << G4endl;
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::PrintDEDXTable(const G4ParticleDefinition* p)
{
  const G4VEnergyLossProcess* elp = FindEnergyLossProcess(p);
  G4cout << "##### DEDX Table for " << p->GetParticleName() << G4endl;
  if(elp) G4cout << *(elp->DEDXTable()) << G4endl;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::PrintRangeTable(const G4ParticleDefinition* p)
{
  const G4VEnergyLossProcess* elp = FindEnergyLossProcess(p);
  G4cout << "##### Range Table for " << p->GetParticleName() << G4endl;
  if(elp) G4cout << *(elp->RangeTableForLoss()) << G4endl;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::PrintInverseRangeTable(const G4ParticleDefinition* p)
{
  const G4VEnergyLossProcess* elp = FindEnergyLossProcess(p);
  G4cout << "### G4EmCalculator: Inverse Range Table for " 
         << p->GetParticleName() << G4endl;
  if(elp) G4cout << *(elp->InverseRangeTable()) << G4endl;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeDEDX(G4double kinEnergy,
                                     const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                     const G4String& processName,
                                     const G4Material* mat,
                                           G4double cut)
{
  SetupMaterial(mat);
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(verbose > 1) {
    G4cout << "### G4EmCalculator::ComputeDEDX: " << p->GetParticleName()
           << " in " << currentMaterialName
           << " e(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV << "  cut(MeV)= " << cut/MeV
           << G4endl;
  }
  if(UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    if(FindEmModel(p, processName, kinEnergy)) {

      // Special case of ICRU'73 model
      if(currentModel->GetName() == "ParamICRU73") {
        res = currentModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, p, kinEnergy, cut);
        if(verbose > 1) { 
      G4cout <<  " ICRU73 ion E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy << " "; 
      G4cout << currentModel->GetName() << ": DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= "
             << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
             << G4endl;
    }
      } else {

    G4double escaled = kinEnergy*massRatio;
    if(baseParticle) {
      res = currentModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
                mat, baseParticle, escaled, cut) * chargeSquare;
          if(verbose > 1) {
            G4cout <<  baseParticle->GetParticleName()
                   << " Escaled(MeV)= " << escaled;
          } 
        } else {
          res = currentModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, p, kinEnergy, cut);
          if(verbose > 1) { G4cout <<  " no basePart E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy << " "; }
        }
        if(verbose > 1) {
      G4cout << currentModel->GetName() << ": DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= "
             << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
             << G4endl;
        }  

        // emulate smoothing procedure
        G4double eth = currentModel->LowEnergyLimit();
        // G4cout << "massRatio= " << massRatio << " eth= " << eth << G4endl;
        if(loweModel) {
          G4double res0 = 0.0;
          G4double res1 = 0.0;
          if(baseParticle) {
            res1 = currentModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, baseParticle, eth, cut)
                 * chargeSquare;
            res0 = loweModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, baseParticle, eth, cut)
                 * chargeSquare;
          } else {
            res1 = currentModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, p, eth, cut);
            res0 = loweModel->ComputeDEDXPerVolume(mat, p, eth, cut);
          }
          if(verbose > 1) {
            G4cout << "At boundary energy(MeV)= " << eth/MeV
                   << " DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res1*mm/MeV
                   << G4endl;
          }
        
          //G4cout << "eth= " << eth << " escaled= " << escaled
          //       << " res0= " << res0 << " res1= "
          //       << res1 <<  "  q2= " << chargeSquare << G4endl;
        
          if(res1 > 0.0 && escaled > 0.0) {
            res *= (1.0 + (res0/res1 - 1.0)*eth/escaled);
          }  
        } 

        // low energy correction for ions
        if(isIon) {
          G4double length = CLHEP::nm;
          const G4Region* r = 0;
          const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = FindCouple(mat, r);
          G4double eloss = res*length;
          G4double niel  = 0.0;
          dynParticle.SetKineticEnergy(kinEnergy);
          currentModel->GetChargeSquareRatio(p, mat, kinEnergy);
          currentModel->CorrectionsAlongStep(couple,&dynParticle,eloss,niel,length);
          res = eloss/length; 
        
          if(verbose > 1) {
            G4cout << "After Corrections: DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
                   << " DEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= " << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
                   << G4endl;
          } 
        }
      }
    }
    if(verbose > 0) {
      G4cout << "Sum: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
             << " DEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= " << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
             << " cut(MeV)= " << cut/MeV
             << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
             << " in " <<  currentMaterialName
             << " Zi^2= " << chargeSquare
             << " isIon=" << isIon
             << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeElectronicDEDX(G4double kinEnergy,
                                               const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                               const G4Material* mat,
                                               G4double cut)
{
  SetupMaterial(mat);
  G4double dedx = 0.0;
  if(UpdateParticle(part, kinEnergy)) {

    G4LossTableManager* lManager = G4LossTableManager::Instance();
    const std::vector<G4VEnergyLossProcess*> vel =
      lManager->GetEnergyLossProcessVector();
    G4int n = vel.size();

    //G4cout << "ComputeElectronicDEDX for " << part->GetParticleName() 
    //           << " n= " << n << G4endl;
 
    for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
      if(vel[i]) {
        G4VProcess* p = reinterpret_cast<G4VProcess*>(vel[i]);
        if(ActiveForParticle(part, p)) {
          //G4cout << "idx= " << i << " " << (vel[i])->GetProcessName()
          //         << "  " << (vel[i])->Particle()->GetParticleName() << G4endl; 
          dedx += ComputeDEDX(kinEnergy,part,(vel[i])->GetProcessName(),mat,cut);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return dedx;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeDEDXForCutInRange(G4double kinEnergy,
                                                  const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                                  const G4Material* mat,
                                                  G4double rangecut)
{
  SetupMaterial(mat);
  G4double dedx = 0.0;
  if(UpdateParticle(part, kinEnergy)) {

    G4LossTableManager* lManager = G4LossTableManager::Instance();
    const std::vector<G4VEnergyLossProcess*> vel =
      lManager->GetEnergyLossProcessVector();
    G4int n = vel.size();

    if(mat != cutMaterial) {
      cutMaterial = mat;
      cutenergy[0] = ComputeEnergyCutFromRangeCut(rangecut, G4Gamma::Gamma(), mat);
      cutenergy[1] = ComputeEnergyCutFromRangeCut(rangecut, G4Electron::Electron(), mat);
      cutenergy[2] = ComputeEnergyCutFromRangeCut(rangecut, G4Positron::Positron(), mat);
    }

    //G4cout << "ComputeElectronicDEDX for " << part->GetParticleName() 
    //           << " n= " << n << G4endl;
 
    for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
      if(vel[i]) {
        G4VProcess* p = reinterpret_cast<G4VProcess*>(vel[i]);
        if(ActiveForParticle(part, p)) {
          //G4cout << "idx= " << i << " " << (vel[i])->GetProcessName()
          //         << "  " << (vel[i])->Particle()->GetParticleName() << G4endl; 
          const G4ParticleDefinition* sec = (vel[i])->SecondaryParticle();
          G4int idx = 0;
          if(sec == G4Electron::Electron()) { idx = 1; }
          else if(sec == G4Positron::Positron()) { idx = 2; }

          dedx += ComputeDEDX(kinEnergy,part,(vel[i])->GetProcessName(),
                              mat,cutenergy[idx]);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return dedx;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeTotalDEDX(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                          const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                          const G4Material* mat, 
                                          G4double cut)
{
  G4double dedx = ComputeElectronicDEDX(kinEnergy,part,mat,cut);
  if(mass > 700.*MeV) { dedx += ComputeNuclearDEDX(kinEnergy,part,mat); }
  return dedx;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeNuclearDEDX(G4double kinEnergy,
                                      const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                      const G4Material* mat)
{

  G4double res = corr->NuclearDEDX(p, mat, kinEnergy, false);

  if(verbose > 1) {
    G4cout <<  p->GetParticleName() << " E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
           << " NuclearDEDX(MeV/mm)= " << res*mm/MeV
           << " NuclearDEDX(MeV*cm^2/g)= "
           << res*gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity())
           << G4endl;
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(
                                                   G4double kinEnergy,
                                             const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                             const G4String& processName,
                                             const G4Material* mat,
                                                   G4double cut)
{
  SetupMaterial(mat);
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    if(FindEmModel(p, processName, kinEnergy)) {
      G4double e = kinEnergy;
      G4double aCut = std::max(cut, theParameters->LowestElectronEnergy()); 
      if(baseParticle) {
        e *= kinEnergy*massRatio;
        res = currentModel->CrossSectionPerVolume(
              mat, baseParticle, e, aCut, e) * chargeSquare;
      } else {
        res = currentModel->CrossSectionPerVolume(mat, p, e, aCut, e);
      }
      if(verbose>0) {
        G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::ComputeXSPerVolume: E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
               << " cross(cm-1)= " << res*cm
               << " cut(keV)= " << aCut/keV
               << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
               << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
               << G4endl;
      }
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(
                                                   G4double kinEnergy,
                                             const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                             const G4String& processName,
                                                   G4double Z, G4double A,
                                                   G4double cut)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    CheckMaterial(G4lrint(Z));
    if(FindEmModel(p, processName, kinEnergy)) {
      G4double e = kinEnergy;
      G4double aCut = std::max(cut, theParameters->LowestElectronEnergy()); 
      if(baseParticle) {
        e *= kinEnergy*massRatio;
        currentModel->InitialiseForElement(baseParticle, G4lrint(Z));
        res = currentModel->ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(
              baseParticle, e, Z, A, aCut) * chargeSquare;
      } else {
        currentModel->InitialiseForElement(p, G4lrint(Z));
        res = currentModel->ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(p, e, Z, A, aCut);
      }
      if(verbose>0) {
        G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
               << " cross(barn)= " << res/barn
               << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
               << " Z= " <<  Z << " A= " << A/(g/mole) << " g/mole"
               << " cut(keV)= " << aCut/keV
               << G4endl;
      }
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeCrossSectionPerShell(G4double kinEnergy,
                                                     const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                                     const G4String& processName,
                                                     G4int Z, G4int shellIdx,
                                                     G4double cut)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  if(UpdateParticle(p, kinEnergy)) {
    CheckMaterial(Z);
    if(FindEmModel(p, processName, kinEnergy)) {
      G4double e = kinEnergy;
      G4double aCut = std::max(cut, theParameters->LowestElectronEnergy()); 
      if(baseParticle) {
        e *= kinEnergy*massRatio;
        currentModel->InitialiseForElement(baseParticle, Z);
        res = currentModel->ComputeCrossSectionPerShell(baseParticle, Z, shellIdx, 
                                                        e, aCut) * chargeSquare;
      } else {
        currentModel->InitialiseForElement(p, Z);
        res = currentModel->ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(p, Z, shellIdx, e, aCut);
      }
      if(verbose>0) {
        G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
               << " cross(barn)= " << res/barn
               << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
               << " Z= " <<  Z << " shellIdx= " << shellIdx 
               << " cut(keV)= " << aCut/keV
           << G4endl;
      }
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double 
G4EmCalculator::ComputeGammaAttenuationLength(G4double kinEnergy, 
                                              const G4Material* mat)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4ParticleDefinition* gamma = G4Gamma::Gamma();
  res += ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, gamma, "conv", mat, 0.0);
  res += ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, gamma, "compt", mat, 0.0);
  res += ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, gamma, "phot", mat, 0.0);
  res += ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, gamma, "Rayl", mat, 0.0);
  if(res > 0.0) { res = 1.0/res; }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeShellIonisationCrossSectionPerAtom(
                                         const G4String& particle, 
                                         G4int Z, 
                                         G4AtomicShellEnumerator shell,
                                         G4double kinEnergy,
                                         const G4Material* mat)
{
  G4double res = 0.0;
  const G4ParticleDefinition* p = FindParticle(particle);
  G4VAtomDeexcitation* ad = manager->AtomDeexcitation();
  if(p && ad) { 
    res = ad->ComputeShellIonisationCrossSectionPerAtom(p, Z, shell, 
                                                        kinEnergy, mat); 
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeMeanFreePath(G4double kinEnergy,
                                             const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                             const G4String& processName,
                                             const G4Material* mat,
                                                   G4double cut)
{
  G4double mfp = DBL_MAX;
  G4double x = ComputeCrossSectionPerVolume(kinEnergy, p, processName, mat, cut);
  if(x > 0.0) { mfp = 1.0/x; }
  if(verbose>1) {
    G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << kinEnergy/MeV
           << " MFP(mm)= " << mfp/mm
           << "  " <<  p->GetParticleName()
           << " in " <<  mat->GetName()
           << G4endl;
  }
  return mfp;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4EmCalculator::ComputeEnergyCutFromRangeCut(
                         G4double range, 
                         const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                         const G4Material* mat)
{
  return G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable()->
    ConvertRangeToEnergy(part, mat, range);
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4bool G4EmCalculator::UpdateParticle(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                      G4double kinEnergy)
{
  if(p != currentParticle) {

    // new particle
    currentParticle = p;
    dynParticle.SetDefinition(const_cast<G4ParticleDefinition*>(p));
    dynParticle.SetKineticEnergy(kinEnergy);
    baseParticle    = 0;
    currentParticleName = p->GetParticleName();
    massRatio       = 1.0;
    mass            = p->GetPDGMass();
    chargeSquare    = 1.0;
    currentProcess  = FindEnergyLossProcess(p);
    currentProcessName = "";
    isIon = false;

    // ionisation process exist
    if(currentProcess) {
      currentProcessName = currentProcess->GetProcessName();
      baseParticle = currentProcess->BaseParticle();

      // base particle is used
      if(baseParticle) {
        massRatio = baseParticle->GetPDGMass()/p->GetPDGMass();
        G4double q = p->GetPDGCharge()/baseParticle->GetPDGCharge();
        chargeSquare = q*q;
      } 

      if(p->GetParticleType()   == "nucleus" 
         && currentParticleName != "deuteron"  
         && currentParticleName != "triton"
         && currentParticleName != "alpha+"
         && currentParticleName != "helium"
         && currentParticleName != "hydrogen"
         ) {
        isIon = true;
        massRatio = theGenericIon->GetPDGMass()/p->GetPDGMass();
        baseParticle = theGenericIon;
    if(verbose>1) {
          G4cout << "\n G4EmCalculator::UpdateParticle: isIon 1 "
         << p->GetParticleName()
         << " in " << currentMaterial->GetName()
         << "  e= " << kinEnergy << G4endl;
    }
      }
    }
  }

  // Effective charge for ions
  if(isIon) {
    chargeSquare =
      corr->EffectiveChargeSquareRatio(p, currentMaterial, kinEnergy)
      * corr->EffectiveChargeCorrection(p,currentMaterial,kinEnergy);
    if(currentProcess) {
      currentProcess->SetDynamicMassCharge(massRatio,chargeSquare);
      if(verbose>1) {
    G4cout <<"\n NewIon: massR= "<< massRatio << "   q2= " 
           << chargeSquare << "  " << currentProcess << G4endl;
      }
    }
  }
  return true;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

const G4ParticleDefinition* G4EmCalculator::FindParticle(const G4String& name)
{
  const G4ParticleDefinition* p = 0;
  if(name != currentParticleName) {
    p = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle(name);
    if(!p) {
      G4cout << "### WARNING: G4EmCalculator::FindParticle fails to find " 
             << name << G4endl;
    }
  } else {
    p = currentParticle;
  }
  return p;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

const G4ParticleDefinition* G4EmCalculator::FindIon(G4int Z, G4int A)
{
  const G4ParticleDefinition* p = ionTable->GetIon(Z,A,0);
  return p;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

const G4Material* G4EmCalculator::FindMaterial(const G4String& name)
{
  if(name != currentMaterialName) {
    SetupMaterial(G4Material::GetMaterial(name, false));
    if(!currentMaterial) {
      G4cout << "### WARNING: G4EmCalculator::FindMaterial fails to find " 
             << name << G4endl;
    }
  }
  return currentMaterial;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

const G4Region* G4EmCalculator::FindRegion(const G4String& reg)
{
  const G4Region* r = 0;
  if(reg != "" && reg != "world") {
    r = G4RegionStore::GetInstance()->GetRegion(reg);
  } else {
    r = G4RegionStore::GetInstance()->GetRegion("DefaultRegionForTheWorld");
  }
  return r;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

const G4MaterialCutsCouple* G4EmCalculator::FindCouple(
                            const G4Material* material,
                            const G4Region* region)
{
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = 0;
  SetupMaterial(material);
  if(currentMaterial) {
    // Access to materials
    const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
      G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
    const G4Region* r = region;
    if(r) {
      couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(material,
                                                     r->GetProductionCuts());
    } else {
      G4RegionStore* store = G4RegionStore::GetInstance();
      size_t nr = store->size();
      if(0 < nr) {
        for(size_t i=0; i<nr; ++i) {
          couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(
            material, ((*store)[i])->GetProductionCuts());
          if(couple) { break; }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  if(!couple) {
    G4ExceptionDescription ed;
    ed << "G4EmCalculator::FindCouple: fail for material <" 
       << currentMaterialName << ">";
    if(region) { ed << " and region " << region->GetName(); }
    G4Exception("G4EmCalculator::FindCouple", "em0078",
                FatalException, ed);
  }
  return couple;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4bool G4EmCalculator::UpdateCouple(const G4Material* material, G4double cut)
{
  SetupMaterial(material);
  if(!currentMaterial) { return false; }
  for (G4int i=0; i<nLocalMaterials; ++i) {
    if(material == localMaterials[i] && cut == localCuts[i]) {
      currentCouple = localCouples[i];
      currentCoupleIndex = currentCouple->GetIndex();
      currentCut = cut;
      return true;
    }
  }
  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* cc = new G4MaterialCutsCouple(material);
  localMaterials.push_back(material);
  localCouples.push_back(cc);
  localCuts.push_back(cut);
  nLocalMaterials++;
  currentCouple = cc;
  currentCoupleIndex = currentCouple->GetIndex();
  currentCut = cut;
  return true;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::FindLambdaTable(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                     const G4String& processName,
                                     G4double kinEnergy)
{
  // Search for the process
  if (!currentLambda || p != lambdaParticle || processName != lambdaName) {
    lambdaName     = processName;
    currentLambda  = 0;
    lambdaParticle = p;

    const G4ParticleDefinition* part = p;
    if(isIon) { part = theGenericIon; }

    // Search for energy loss process
    currentName = processName;
    currentModel = 0;
    loweModel = 0;

    G4VEnergyLossProcess* elproc = FindEnLossProcess(part, processName);
    if(elproc) {
      currentLambda = elproc->LambdaTable();
      if(currentLambda) {
        isApplicable = true;
        if(verbose>1) { 
          G4cout << "G4VEnergyLossProcess is found out: " << currentName 
                 << G4endl;
        }
      }
      return;
    }

    // Search for discrete process 
    G4VEmProcess* proc = FindDiscreteProcess(part, processName);
    if(proc) {
      currentLambda = proc->LambdaTable();
      if(currentLambda) {
        isApplicable = true;
        if(verbose>1) { 
          G4cout << "G4VEmProcess is found out: " << currentName << G4endl;
        }
      }
      return;
    }

    // Search for msc process
    G4VMultipleScattering* msc = FindMscProcess(part, processName);
    if(msc) {
      currentModel = msc->SelectModel(kinEnergy,0);
      if(currentModel) {
        currentLambda = currentModel->GetCrossSectionTable();
        if(currentLambda) {
          isApplicable = true;
          if(verbose>1) { 
            G4cout << "G4VMultipleScattering is found out: " << currentName 
                   << G4endl;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4bool G4EmCalculator::FindEmModel(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
                                   const G4String& processName,
                                            G4double kinEnergy)
{
  isApplicable = false;
  if(!p || !currentMaterial) {
    G4cout << "G4EmCalculator::FindEmModel WARNING: no particle" 
           << " or materail defined; particle: " << p << G4endl;
    return isApplicable;
  }
  G4String partname =  p->GetParticleName();
  const G4ParticleDefinition* part = p;
  G4double scaledEnergy = kinEnergy*massRatio;
  if(isIon) { part = theGenericIon; } 

  if(verbose > 1) {
    G4cout << "## G4EmCalculator::FindEmModel for " << partname
           << " (type= " << p->GetParticleType()
           << ") and " << processName << " at E(MeV)= " << scaledEnergy 
           << G4endl;
    if(p != part) { G4cout << "  GenericIon is the base particle" << G4endl; }
  }

  // Search for energy loss process
  currentName = processName;
  currentModel = 0;
  loweModel = 0;
  size_t idx   = 0;

  G4VEnergyLossProcess* elproc = FindEnLossProcess(part, processName);
  if(elproc) {
    currentModel = elproc->SelectModelForMaterial(scaledEnergy, idx);
    currentModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
    currentModel->SetupForMaterial(part, currentMaterial, scaledEnergy);
    G4double eth = currentModel->LowEnergyLimit();
    if(eth > 0.0) {
      loweModel = elproc->SelectModelForMaterial(eth - CLHEP::eV, idx);
      if(loweModel == currentModel) { loweModel = nullptr; }
      else { 
        loweModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
        loweModel->SetupForMaterial(part, currentMaterial, eth - CLHEP::eV); 
      }
    }
  }

  // Search for discrete process 
  if(!currentModel) {
    G4VEmProcess* proc = FindDiscreteProcess(part, processName);
    if(proc) {
      currentModel = proc->SelectModelForMaterial(kinEnergy, idx);
      currentModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
      currentModel->SetupForMaterial(part, currentMaterial, kinEnergy);
      G4double eth = currentModel->LowEnergyLimit();
      if(eth > 0.0) {
        loweModel = proc->SelectModelForMaterial(eth - CLHEP::eV, idx);
        if(loweModel == currentModel) { loweModel = 0; }
        else { 
          loweModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
          loweModel->SetupForMaterial(part, currentMaterial, eth - CLHEP::eV); 
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // Search for msc process
  if(!currentModel) {
    G4VMultipleScattering* proc = FindMscProcess(part, processName);
    if(proc) {
      currentModel = proc->SelectModel(kinEnergy, idx);
      loweModel = 0;
    }
  }
  if(currentModel) {
    if(loweModel == currentModel) { loweModel = 0; }
    isApplicable = true;
    currentModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
    if(loweModel) {
      loweModel->InitialiseForMaterial(part, currentMaterial);
    }
    if(verbose > 1) {
      G4cout << "   Model <" << currentModel->GetName() 
             << "> Emin(MeV)= " << currentModel->LowEnergyLimit()/MeV
             << " for " << part->GetParticleName();
      if(elproc) { 
        G4cout << " and " << elproc->GetProcessName() << "  " << elproc 
               << G4endl;
      }
      if(loweModel) { 
        G4cout << " LowEnergy model <" << loweModel->GetName() << ">"; 
      }
      G4cout << G4endl;
    } 
  }
  return isApplicable;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4VEnergyLossProcess* G4EmCalculator::FindEnergyLossProcess(
                      const G4ParticleDefinition* p)
{
  G4VEnergyLossProcess* elp = 0;
  G4String partname =  p->GetParticleName();
  const G4ParticleDefinition* part = p;
  
  if(p->GetParticleType() == "nucleus" 
     && currentParticleName != "deuteron"  
     && currentParticleName != "triton"
     && currentParticleName != "He3"
     && currentParticleName != "alpha"
     && currentParticleName != "alpha+"
     && currentParticleName != "helium"
     && currentParticleName != "hydrogen"
     ) { part = theGenericIon; } 

  elp = manager->GetEnergyLossProcess(part);
  /*
  G4cout << "\n G4EmCalculator::FindEnergyLossProcess: for " << p->GetParticleName()
     << " found " << elp->GetProcessName() << " of " 
     << elp->Particle()->GetParticleName() << "  " << elp << G4endl;
  */
  return elp;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4VEnergyLossProcess* 
G4EmCalculator::FindEnLossProcess(const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                  const G4String& processName)
{
  G4VEnergyLossProcess* proc = 0;
  const std::vector<G4VEnergyLossProcess*> v = 
    manager->GetEnergyLossProcessVector();
  G4int n = v.size();
  for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    if((v[i])->GetProcessName() == processName) {
      G4VProcess* p = reinterpret_cast<G4VProcess*>(v[i]);
      if(ActiveForParticle(part, p)) {
        proc = v[i];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return proc;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4VEmProcess* 
G4EmCalculator::FindDiscreteProcess(const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                    const G4String& processName)
{
  G4VEmProcess* proc = 0;
  const std::vector<G4VEmProcess*> v = 
    manager->GetEmProcessVector();
  G4int n = v.size();
  for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    if((v[i])->GetProcessName() == processName) {
      G4VProcess* p = reinterpret_cast<G4VProcess*>(v[i]);
      if(ActiveForParticle(part, p)) {
        proc = v[i];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return proc;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4VMultipleScattering* 
G4EmCalculator::FindMscProcess(const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                               const G4String& processName)
{
  G4VMultipleScattering* proc = 0;
  const std::vector<G4VMultipleScattering*> v = 
    manager->GetMultipleScatteringVector();
  G4int n = v.size();
  for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    if((v[i])->GetProcessName() == processName) {
      G4VProcess* p = reinterpret_cast<G4VProcess*>(v[i]);
      if(ActiveForParticle(part, p)) {
        proc = v[i];
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  return proc;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4VProcess* G4EmCalculator::FindProcess(const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                        const G4String& processName)
{
  G4VProcess* proc = 0;
  const G4ProcessManager* procman = part->GetProcessManager();
  G4ProcessVector* pv = procman->GetProcessList();
  G4int nproc = pv->size();
  for(G4int i=0; i<nproc; ++i) {
    if(processName == (*pv)[i]->GetProcessName()) {
      proc = (*pv)[i];
      break;
    }
  }
  return proc;
}


//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4bool G4EmCalculator::ActiveForParticle(const G4ParticleDefinition* part,
                                         G4VProcess* proc)
{
  G4ProcessManager* pm = part->GetProcessManager();
  G4ProcessVector* pv = pm->GetProcessList();
  G4int n = pv->size();
  G4bool res = false;
  for(G4int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
    if((*pv)[i] == proc) {
      if(pm->GetProcessActivation(i)) { res = true; }
      break;
    }
  }
  return res;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::SetupMaterial(const G4Material* mat)
{
  if(mat) {
    currentMaterial = mat;
    currentMaterialName = mat->GetName();
  } else {
    currentMaterial = 0;
    currentMaterialName = "";
  }
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::SetupMaterial(const G4String& mname)
{
  SetupMaterial(nist->FindOrBuildMaterial(mname));
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::CheckMaterial(G4int Z)
{
  G4bool isFound = false;
  if(currentMaterial) {
    size_t nn = currentMaterial->GetNumberOfElements();
    for(size_t i=0; i<nn; ++i) { 
      if(Z == G4lrint(currentMaterial->GetElement(i)->GetZ())) {
        isFound = true;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  if(!isFound) {
    SetupMaterial(nist->FindOrBuildSimpleMaterial(Z));
  }
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4EmCalculator::SetVerbose(G4int verb)
{
  verbose = verb;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....