G4QGSMFragmentation.cc

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// $Id: G4QGSMFragmentation.cc 84707 2014-10-20 07:15:31Z gcosmo $
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//      GEANT 4 class implementation file
//
//      History: first implementation, Maxim Komogorov, 10-Jul-1998
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "G4QGSMFragmentation.hh"
#include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
#include "Randomize.hh"
#include "G4ios.hh"
#include "G4FragmentingString.hh"
#include "G4DiQuarks.hh"
#include "G4Quarks.hh"

//#define debug_QGSMfragmentation                       // Uzhi Oct. 2014

// Class G4QGSMFragmentation 
//****************************************************************************************
 
G4QGSMFragmentation::G4QGSMFragmentation() :
arho(0.5), aphi(0.), an(-0.5), ala(-0.75), aksi(-1.), alft(0.5)
   {
    SetStrangenessSuppression(0.41); // 0.47 0.447                        Uzhi 27.09.2014 0.43 last 0.425
    SetDiquarkSuppression(0.25);      // 0.087    std 0.07                Uzhi 0.25 Last
    SetDiquarkBreakProbability(0.4); // 0.05     std 0.1                  Uzhi 27.09.2014
   }

G4QGSMFragmentation::~G4QGSMFragmentation()
   {
   }

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4KineticTrackVector* G4QGSMFragmentation::FragmentString(const G4ExcitedString& theString)
{
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<G4endl<<"QGSM StringFragm: String Mass "
                             <<theString.Get4Momentum().mag()<<" Pz "
                             <<theString.Get4Momentum().pz()
                             <<"------------------------------------"<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"String ends Direct "<<theString.GetLeftParton()->GetPDGcode()<<" "
                               <<theString.GetRightParton()->GetPDGcode()<<" "
                               <<theString.GetDirection()<< G4endl;
  G4cout<<"Left  mom "<<theString.GetLeftParton()->Get4Momentum()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"Right mom "<<theString.GetRightParton()->Get4Momentum()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"Check for Fragmentation "<<G4endl;
#endif

//    Can no longer modify Parameters for Fragmentation.
        PastInitPhase=true;
        
//      check if string has enough mass to fragment...

        G4KineticTrackVector * LeftVector=LightFragmentationTest(&theString);

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  if ( LeftVector != 0 ) G4cout<<"Non fragmentable - the string is converted to one hadron "<<G4endl;
#endif

        if ( LeftVector != 0 ) return LeftVector;

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"The string will be fragmented. "<<G4endl;
#endif
        
        LeftVector = new G4KineticTrackVector;
        G4KineticTrackVector * RightVector=new G4KineticTrackVector;

// this should work but its only a semi deep copy. %GF  G4ExcitedString theStringInCMS(theString);
        G4ExcitedString *theStringInCMS=CPExcited(theString);
        G4LorentzRotation toCms=theStringInCMS->TransformToAlignedCms();

        G4bool success=false, inner_sucess=true;
        G4int attempt=0;
        while ( !success && attempt++ < StringLoopInterrupt )
        {
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"Loop_toFrag "<<theStringInCMS->GetLeftParton()->GetPDGcode()<<" "
                        <<theStringInCMS->GetRightParton()->GetPDGcode()<<" "
                        <<theStringInCMS->GetDirection()<< G4endl;
#endif

                G4FragmentingString *currentString=new G4FragmentingString(*theStringInCMS);

                std::for_each(LeftVector->begin(), LeftVector->end(), DeleteKineticTrack());
                LeftVector->clear();
                std::for_each(RightVector->begin(), RightVector->end(), DeleteKineticTrack());
                RightVector->clear();
                
                inner_sucess=true;  // set false on failure..

                while (! StopFragmenting(currentString) )
                {  // Split current string into hadron + new string

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"The string can fragment. "<<G4endl;;
#endif
                        G4FragmentingString *newString=0;  // used as output from SplitUp...
                        G4KineticTrack * Hadron=Splitup(currentString,newString);

                        if ( Hadron != 0 ) // && IsFragmentable(newString))   // Closed by Uzhi, Oct. 2014
                        {
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"Hadron prod at fragm. "<<Hadron->GetDefinition()->GetParticleName()<<G4endl;
#endif
                           if ( currentString->GetDecayDirection() > 0 )
                                   LeftVector->push_back(Hadron);
                           else
                                   RightVector->push_back(Hadron);

                           delete currentString;
                           currentString=newString;

                        } else {

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"abandon ... start from the beginning ---------------"<<G4endl;
#endif

                         // abandon ... start from the beginning
                           if (newString) delete newString;
                           if (Hadron)    delete Hadron;
                           inner_sucess=false;
                           break;
                        }
                } 
                // Split current string into 2 final Hadrons
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"Split remaining string into 2 final hadrons."<<G4endl;
#endif

                if ( inner_sucess &&                                    //true)  // Uzhi -- No Last Splitting
                     SplitLast(currentString,LeftVector, RightVector) ) 
                {
                        success=true;
                }
                delete currentString;
        }
        
        delete theStringInCMS;
        
        if ( ! success )
        {
                std::for_each(LeftVector->begin(), LeftVector->end(), DeleteKineticTrack());
                LeftVector->clear();
                std::for_each(RightVector->begin(), RightVector->end(), DeleteKineticTrack());
                delete RightVector;
                return LeftVector;
        }
                
        // Join Left- and RightVector into LeftVector in correct order.
        while(!RightVector->empty())
        {
            LeftVector->push_back(RightVector->back());
            RightVector->erase(RightVector->end()-1);
        }
        delete RightVector;

        CalculateHadronTimePosition(theString.Get4Momentum().mag(), LeftVector);

        G4LorentzRotation toObserverFrame(toCms.inverse());

        for(size_t C1 = 0; C1 < LeftVector->size(); C1++)
        {
           G4KineticTrack* Hadron = LeftVector->operator[](C1);
           G4LorentzVector Momentum = Hadron->Get4Momentum();
           Momentum = toObserverFrame*Momentum;
           Hadron->Set4Momentum(Momentum);
           G4LorentzVector Coordinate(Hadron->GetPosition(), Hadron->GetFormationTime());
           Momentum = toObserverFrame*Coordinate;
           Hadron->SetFormationTime(Momentum.e());
           G4ThreeVector aPosition(Momentum.vect());
           Hadron->SetPosition(theString.GetPosition()+aPosition);
        }
        return LeftVector;
                


}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4double G4QGSMFragmentation::GetLightConeZ(G4double zmin, G4double zmax, G4int PartonEncoding,  
                                            G4ParticleDefinition* pHadron, G4double , G4double )
{    
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"GetLightConeZ zmin zmax Parton pHadron "<<zmin<<" "<<zmax<<" "<<PartonEncoding<<" "<<pHadron->GetParticleName()<<G4endl;
#endif
  G4double z;    
  G4double d1, d2, yf;
  G4double invD1(0.),invD2(0.), r1(0.),r2(0.),r12(0.);

  G4int absCode = std::abs( PartonEncoding );
  G4int absHadronCode=std::abs(pHadron->GetPDGEncoding());

  G4int q1, q2, q3;
  q1 = absHadronCode/1000; q2 = (absHadronCode % 1000)/100; q3 = (absHadronCode % 100)/10;

  G4bool StrangeHadron = (q1 == 3) || (q2 == 3) || (q3 == 3);

  if (absCode < 10)
  {                                              // A quark fragmentation ----------------------------
    if(absCode == 1 || absCode == 2) 
    {
      if(absHadronCode < 1000) 
      {                        // Meson  produced
        if( !StrangeHadron )  {d1=2.0;        d2 = -arho + alft;}
        else                  {d1=1.0;        d2 = -aphi + alft;}
      } else                 
      {                        // Baryon produced
        if( !StrangeHadron )  {d1=0.0;        d2 =      arho - 2.0*an        + alft;}
        else                  {d1=0.0;        d2 =  2.0*arho - 2.0*an - aphi + alft;} 
      }
    } 
    else if(absCode == 3)  
    {
      if(absHadronCode < 1000){d1=1.0 - aphi; d2 =  -arho          + alft;}  // Meson  produced s->K + u/d
      else                    {d1=1.0 - aphi; d2 =   arho - 2.0*an + alft;}  // Baryon produced 

    } else throw G4HadronicException(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Unknown PDGencoding in G4QGSMFragmentation::G4LightConeZ");

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"d1 d2 "<<d1<<" "<<d2<<G4endl;
#endif

    d1+=1.0; d2+=1.0;

    invD1=1./d1; invD2=1./d2;

    do
    {
     r1=std::pow(G4UniformRand(),invD1);
     r2=std::pow(G4UniformRand(),invD2);
     r12=r1+r2;
     z=r1/r12;
    } while( (r12 > 1.0) || !((zmin <= z)&&(z <= zmax)));

    return z;
  }
  else
  {                                              // A di-quark fragmentation -------------------------
    if(absCode == 1103 || absCode == 2101 || 
       absCode == 2203 || absCode == 2103)
    {
     if(absHadronCode < 1000)                                                // Meson production
     {
        if( !StrangeHadron )  {d1=1.0; d2=     arho - 2.0*an        + alft;} 
        else                  {d1=1.0; d2 = 2.*arho - 2.0*an - aphi + alft;}
     } else                                                                 // Baryon production
     {
        if( !StrangeHadron )  {d1=2.0*(arho - an); d2= -arho         + alft;}
        else                  {d1=2.0*(arho - an); d2 =-aphi         + alft;} 
     }

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"d1 d2 "<<d1<<" "<<d2<<G4endl;
#endif

     d1+=1.0; d2+=1.0;
     invD1=1./d1; invD2=1./d2;

     do
     {
      r1=std::pow(G4UniformRand(),invD1);
      r2=std::pow(G4UniformRand(),invD2);
      r12=r1+r2;
      z=r1/r12;
     } while( (r12 > 1.0) || !((zmin <= z)&&(z <= zmax)));

     return z;
    }
    else if(absCode == 3101 || absCode == 3103 ||           // For strange d-quarks
            absCode == 3201 || absCode == 3203)
    {
      d2 =  (alft - (2.*ala - arho));

    }
    else
    {
      d2 =  (alft - (2.*aksi - arho));
    }

    do  
    {
      z = zmin + G4UniformRand() * (zmax - zmin);
      d1 =  (1. - z);
      yf = std::pow(d1, d2);
    } 
    while (G4UniformRand() > yf); 
  }

  return z;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4LorentzVector * G4QGSMFragmentation::SplitEandP(G4ParticleDefinition * pHadron,
                                                  G4FragmentingString * string,    // Uzhi
                                                  G4FragmentingString * NewString) // Uzhi Oct. 2014
{
       G4double HadronMass = pHadron->GetPDGMass();

       G4double MinimalStringMass= FragmentationMass(NewString,&G4HadronBuilder::BuildHighSpin);

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"G4QGSMFragmentation::SplitEandP "<<pHadron->GetParticleName()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"String 4 mom, String M "<<string->Get4Momentum()<<" "<<string->Mass()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"HadM MinimalStringMassLeft StringM hM+sM "<<HadronMass<<" "<<MinimalStringMass<<" "
        <<string->Mass()<<" "<<HadronMass+MinimalStringMass<<G4endl;
#endif

        if(HadronMass + MinimalStringMass > string->Mass())
        {
#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"Mass of the string is not sufficient to produce the hadron!"<<G4endl;
#endif
         return 0;
        }// have to start all over!

       // calculate and assign hadron transverse momentum component HadronPx andHadronPy
       G4double StringMT2 = string->MassT2();
       G4double StringMT  = std::sqrt(StringMT2);

       G4LorentzVector String4Momentum = string->Get4Momentum();
       String4Momentum.setPz(0.);
       G4ThreeVector StringPt = String4Momentum.vect();

       G4ThreeVector HadronPt    , RemSysPt;
       G4double      HadronMassT2, ResidualMassT2;

       //...  sample Pt of the hadron
       G4int attempt=0;
       do
       {
        attempt++; if(attempt > StringLoopInterrupt) return 0;

        HadronPt =SampleQuarkPt()  + string->DecayPt(); 
        HadronPt.setZ(0);
        RemSysPt = StringPt - HadronPt;

        HadronMassT2 = sqr(HadronMass) + HadronPt.mag2();
        ResidualMassT2=sqr(MinimalStringMass) + RemSysPt.mag2();

       } while(std::sqrt(HadronMassT2) + std::sqrt(ResidualMassT2) > StringMT);

       //...  sample z to define hadron longitudinal momentum and energy
       //... but first check the available phase space

        G4double Pz2 = (sqr(StringMT2 - HadronMassT2 - ResidualMassT2) -
                        4*HadronMassT2 * ResidualMassT2)/4./StringMT2;

        if(Pz2 < 0 ) {return 0;}          // have to start all over!

        //... then compute allowed z region  z_min <= z <= z_max

        G4double Pz = std::sqrt(Pz2);
        G4double zMin = (std::sqrt(HadronMassT2+Pz2) - Pz)/std::sqrt(StringMT2);
        G4double zMax = (std::sqrt(HadronMassT2+Pz2) + Pz)/std::sqrt(StringMT2);

/*  close by Uzhi, Oct. 2014
       G4double DecayQuarkMass2  = sqr(string->GetDecayParton()->GetPDGMass());
       G4double HadronMass2T = sqr(HadronMass) + HadronPt.mag2();

       if (DecayQuarkMass2 + HadronMass2T >= SmoothParam*(string->Mass2()) ) 
          return 0;             // have to start all over!

       //... then compute allowed z region  z_min <= z <= z_max 
 
//       G4double zMin = HadronMass2T/(string->Mass2());
//       G4double zMax = 1. - DecayQuarkMass2/(string->Mass2());
*/
       if (zMin >= zMax) return 0;              // have to start all over!
        
       G4double z = GetLightConeZ(zMin, zMax,
                       string->GetDecayParton()->GetPDGEncoding(), pHadron,
                       HadronPt.x(), HadronPt.y());      

       //... now compute hadron longitudinal momentum and energy
       // longitudinal hadron momentum component HadronPz

        HadronPt.setZ(0.5* string->GetDecayDirection() *
                        (z * string->LightConeDecay() - 
                         HadronMassT2/(z * string->LightConeDecay())));
        G4double HadronE  = 0.5* (z * string->LightConeDecay() + 
                                  HadronMassT2/(z * string->LightConeDecay()));

       G4LorentzVector * a4Momentum= new G4LorentzVector(HadronPt,HadronE);

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"string->GetDecayDirection() string->LightConeDecay() "
        <<string->GetDecayDirection()<<" "<<string->LightConeDecay()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"HadronPt,HadronE "<<HadronPt<<" "<<HadronE<<G4endl;
//  G4cout<<"String4Momentum "<<String4Momentum<<G4endl;
//G4int Uzhi; G4cin>>Uzhi;
  G4cout<<"Out of QGSM SplitEandP "<<G4endl;
#endif

       return a4Momentum;
}


//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4bool G4QGSMFragmentation::SplitLast(G4FragmentingString * string,
                                             G4KineticTrackVector * LeftVector,
                                             G4KineticTrackVector * RightVector)
{
    //... perform last cluster decay

    G4ThreeVector ClusterVel =string->Get4Momentum().boostVector();
    G4double ResidualMass    =string->Mass(); 

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<"Split last-----------------------------------------"<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"StrMass "<<ResidualMass<<" q's "
        <<string->GetLeftParton()->GetParticleName()<<" "
        <<string->GetRightParton()->GetParticleName()<<G4endl;
#endif

    G4double ClusterMassCut = ClusterMass;            // Taken from G4VLongitudinalStringDecay
    G4int cClusterInterrupt = 0;
    G4ParticleDefinition * LeftHadron, * RightHadron;
    do
    {
        if (cClusterInterrupt++ >= ClusterLoopInterrupt)
        {
          return false;
        }

        G4ParticleDefinition * quark = NULL;
        string->SetLeftPartonStable(); // to query quark contents..

        if (string->DecayIsQuark() && string->StableIsQuark() ) 
        {
           //... there are quarks on cluster ends
                LeftHadron= QuarkSplitup(string->GetLeftParton(), quark);
        } else {
           //... there is a Diquark on cluster ends
                G4int IsParticle;
                if ( string->StableIsQuark() ) {
                  IsParticle=(string->GetLeftParton()->GetPDGEncoding()>0) ? -1 : +1; 
                } else {
                  IsParticle=(string->GetLeftParton()->GetPDGEncoding()>0) ? +1 : -1;
                }

                pDefPair QuarkPair = CreatePartonPair(IsParticle,false);  // no diquarks wanted
                quark = QuarkPair.second;
                LeftHadron=hadronizer->Build(QuarkPair.first, string->GetLeftParton());
        }

        RightHadron = hadronizer->Build(string->GetRightParton(), quark);

       //... repeat procedure, if mass of cluster is too low to produce hadrons
       //... ClusterMassCut = 0.15*GeV model parameter
        if ( quark->GetParticleSubType()== "quark" ) {ClusterMassCut = 0.;}
        else {ClusterMassCut = ClusterMass;}
    } 
    while (ResidualMass <= LeftHadron->GetPDGMass() + RightHadron->GetPDGMass()  + ClusterMassCut);

    //... compute hadron momenta and energies   
    G4LorentzVector  LeftMom, RightMom;
    G4ThreeVector    Pos;
    Sample4Momentum(&LeftMom , LeftHadron->GetPDGMass() , 
                    &RightMom, RightHadron->GetPDGMass(), ResidualMass);
    LeftMom.boost(ClusterVel);
    RightMom.boost(ClusterVel);

#ifdef debug_QGSMfragmentation                          // Uzhi Oct. 2014
  G4cout<<LeftHadron->GetParticleName()<<" "<<RightHadron->GetParticleName()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"Left  Hadrom P M "<<LeftMom<<" "<<LeftMom.mag()<<G4endl;
  G4cout<<"Right Hadrom P M "<<RightMom<<" "<<RightMom.mag()<<G4endl;
#endif

    LeftVector->push_back(new G4KineticTrack(LeftHadron, 0, Pos, LeftMom));
    RightVector->push_back(new G4KineticTrack(RightHadron, 0, Pos, RightMom));

    return true;

}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4bool G4QGSMFragmentation::IsFragmentable(const G4FragmentingString * const string)
{
        return sqr(FragmentationMass(string)+MassCut) <
                        string->Mass2();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4bool G4QGSMFragmentation::StopFragmenting(const G4FragmentingString * const string)
{
        return
         sqr(FragmentationMass(string,&G4HadronBuilder::BuildHighSpin)+MassCut) >
         string->Get4Momentum().mag2();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

void G4QGSMFragmentation::Sample4Momentum(G4LorentzVector* Mom    , G4double Mass    , 
                                          G4LorentzVector* AntiMom, G4double AntiMass, G4double InitialMass) 
    {
    G4double r_val = sqr(InitialMass*InitialMass - Mass*Mass - AntiMass*AntiMass) - sqr(2.*Mass*AntiMass);
    G4double Pabs = (r_val > 0.)? std::sqrt(r_val)/(2.*InitialMass) : 0;

    //... sample unit vector       
    G4double pz = 1. - 2.*G4UniformRand();  
    G4double st     = std::sqrt(1. - pz * pz)*Pabs;
    G4double phi    = 2.*pi*G4UniformRand();
    G4double px = st*std::cos(phi);
    G4double py = st*std::sin(phi);
    pz *= Pabs;
    
    Mom->setPx(px); Mom->setPy(py); Mom->setPz(pz);
    Mom->setE(std::sqrt(Pabs*Pabs + Mass*Mass));

    AntiMom->setPx(-px); AntiMom->setPy(-py); AntiMom->setPz(-pz);
    AntiMom->setE (std::sqrt(Pabs*Pabs + AntiMass*AntiMass));
    }

    
//*********************************************************************************************
// Uzhi June 2014 Insert from G4ExcitedStringDecay.cc
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

G4ParticleDefinition *G4QGSMFragmentation::DiQuarkSplitup(
                                                          G4ParticleDefinition* decay,
                                                          G4ParticleDefinition *&created)
{
   //... can Diquark break or not?
   if (G4UniformRand() < DiquarkBreakProb ){
   //... Diquark break

      G4int stableQuarkEncoding = decay->GetPDGEncoding()/1000;
      G4int decayQuarkEncoding = (decay->GetPDGEncoding()/100)%10;

      if (G4UniformRand() < 0.5)
         {
         G4int Swap = stableQuarkEncoding;
         stableQuarkEncoding = decayQuarkEncoding;
         decayQuarkEncoding = Swap;
         }

      G4int IsParticle=(decayQuarkEncoding>0) ? -1 : +1;
                        // if we have a quark, we need antiquark)

      G4double StrSup=GetStrangeSuppress();  // for changing s-sbar production, Uzhi Oct. 2014
      StrangeSuppress=0.41;                          // was 0.47
      pDefPair QuarkPair = CreatePartonPair(IsParticle,false);  // no diquarks wanted
      StrangeSuppress=StrSup;

      //... Build new Diquark
      G4int QuarkEncoding=QuarkPair.second->GetPDGEncoding();
      G4int i10  = std::max(std::abs(QuarkEncoding), std::abs(stableQuarkEncoding));
      G4int i20  = std::min(std::abs(QuarkEncoding), std::abs(stableQuarkEncoding));
      G4int spin = (i10 != i20 && G4UniformRand() <= 0.5)? 1 : 3;
      G4int NewDecayEncoding = -1*IsParticle*(i10 * 1000 + i20 * 100 + spin);
      created = FindParticle(NewDecayEncoding);
      G4ParticleDefinition * decayQuark=FindParticle(decayQuarkEncoding);
      G4ParticleDefinition * had=hadronizer->Build(QuarkPair.first, decayQuark);

      return had;
//      return hadronizer->Build(QuarkPair.first, decayQuark);

   } else {
   //... Diquark does not break

      G4int IsParticle=(decay->GetPDGEncoding()>0) ? +1 : -1;
                        // if we have a diquark, we need quark)
      G4double StrSup=GetStrangeSuppress();  // for changing s-sbar production, Uzhi Oct. 2014
      StrangeSuppress=0.41; //0.41; 0.47
      pDefPair QuarkPair = CreatePartonPair(IsParticle,false);  // no diquarks wanted
      StrangeSuppress=StrSup;

      created = QuarkPair.second;

      G4ParticleDefinition * had=hadronizer->Build(QuarkPair.first, decay);
      return had;
//      return G4ParticleDefinition * had=hadronizer->Build(QuarkPair.first, decay);
   }
}
// Uzhi June 2014 End of the inserting